MUTAGENIC EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF GAMMA RAYS, EMS AND THEIR COMBINED TREATMENT IN PHASEOLUS LUNATUS L.

Abstract

Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency are two important factors to study a mutagen. The determination of these factors is necessary in plant breeding programs. In this research work the study was performed by irradiation of seeds with various doses of Gamma rays and different concentrations of EMS and combination of both mutagens (Gamma rays and EMS) along with control. From M1 generation the biological damages (lethality and pollen sterility) and from M2 generation the chlorophyll mutation and morphological mutation were considered for calculating the effectiveness and efficiency. Mutagenic effectiveness was inversely proportional to the dose/concentration of mutagens. The maximum efficiency at lower dose/concentrations of the mutagens was due to the pollen sterility and lethality (Biological destructions) which increased as the mutagenic effect increased. Mutation rate is the mean values of mutagenic efficiency that were taken into consideration for each treatment to calculate the mutation rate which gives an idea of the average rate of mutation induction per mutagen.